Products Description

Alloy 825 (UNS N08825) is an austenitic nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additional elements including molybdenum, copper, and titanium. Here are some key points about Alloy 825:Corrosion Resistance:Alloy 825 is designed to provide exceptional corrosion resistance in both oxidizing and reducing environments.It is resistant to chloride stress-corrosion cracking, which is a type of corrosion that occurs in the presence of chlorides and tensile stress.The alloy also exhibits resistance to pitting corrosion, which is localized corrosion that can cause small holes or pits in the material's surface.Stabilization Against Sensitization:The addition of titanium to Alloy 825 stabilizes it against sensitization in the as-welded condition.Sensitization refers to the formation of chromium carbides along the grain boundaries of stainless steels, which can lead to intergranular attack and reduced corrosion resistance.Alloy 825 titanium content helps prevent intergranular attack after exposure to temperatures that would sensitize unstabilized stainless steels.Fabrication:The fabrication of Alloy 825 is typical of nickel-base alloys.The material is readily formable, allowing it to be shaped into various components.It is weldable using a variety of techniques, enabling the construction of complex structures or joining with other materials.Alloy 825 finds applications in various industries, including chemical processing, oil and gas, marine, and nuclear, where its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties are required.It's important to note that while Alloy 825 offers excellent corrosion resistance, it may not be suitable for certain highly oxidizing environments. Consulting with materials engineers or alloy manufacturers is recommended to determine the best choice for a specific application.

 
 

Applications

  • Air Pollution Control
  • Scrubbers
  • Chemical Processing Equipment
  • Acids
  • Alkalis
  • Food Process Equipment
  • Nuclear
  • Fuel Reprocessing
  • Fuel Element Dissolvers
  • Waste Handling
  • Offshore Oil and Gas Production
  • Seawater Heat Exchangers
  • Piping Systems
  • Sour Gas Components
  • Ore Processing
  • Copper Refining Equipment
  • Petroleum Refining
  • Air-cooled Heat Exchangers
  • Steel Pickling Equipment
  • Heating Coils
  • Tanks
  • Crates
  • Baskets
  • Waste Disposal
  • Injection Well Piping Systems

Standards

ASTM..................B 424
ASME..................SB 424
 

General Properties

Alloy 825 (UNS N08825) is an austenitic nickel-iron-chromium alloy with additions of molybdenum, copper, and titanium. Here are some key points about Alloy 825's corrosion resistance and fabrication:

Corrosion Resistance:Alloy 825 is designed to provide exceptional resistance to numerous corrosive environments, both oxidizing and reducing.The nickel content in Alloy 825 makes it resistant to chloride stress-corrosion cracking, a type of corrosion that occurs in the presence of chlorides and tensile stress.The combination of nickel, molybdenum, and copper in Alloy 825 offers substantially improved corrosion resistance in reducing environments compared to conventional austenitic stainless steels.The chromium and molybdenum content of Alloy 825 provides resistance to chloride pitting and resistance to a variety of oxidizing atmospheres.The addition of titanium stabilizes the alloy against sensitization in the as-welded condition, making it resistant to intergranular attack after exposure to temperatures that would typically sensitize unstabilized stainless steels.Alloy 825 exhibits resistance to corrosion in a wide variety of process environments, including sulfuric, sulfurous, phosphoric, nitric, hydrofluoric, and organic acids, as well as alkalis such as sodium or potassium hydroxide and acidic chloride solutions.Fabrication:The fabrication of Alloy 825 is typical of nickel-base alloys.The material is readily formable, allowing it to be shaped into various components.It is weldable using a variety of techniques, enabling the construction of complex structures or joining with other materials.Alloy 825 is commonly used in industries such as chemical processing, oil and gas, marine, and power generation, where its exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical properties are required.As always, it's important to consider specific operating conditions and consult with materials engineers or alloy manufacturers to ensure the appropriate selection and use of Alloy 825 in a particular application.

Chemical Analysis

Typical Values (Weight %)

 

 

 

 

Nickel

38.0 min.–46.0 max.

Iron

22.0 min.

Chromium

19.5 min.–23.5 max.

Molybdenum

2.5 min.–3.5 max.

Molybdenum

8.0 min.-10.0 max.

Copper

1.5 min.–3.0 max.

Titanium

0.6 min.–1.2 max.

Carbon

0.05 max.

Niobium (plus Tantalum)

3.15 min.-4.15 max.

Titanium

0.40

Carbon

0.10

Manganese

1.00 max.

Sulfur

0.03 max.

Silicon

0.5 max.

Aluminium

0.2 max.

 

 

Physical Properties

Density

0.294 lbs/in3
8.14 g/cm3

Specific Heat

0.105 BTU/lb-°F
440 J/kg-°K

Modulus of Elasticity

28.3 psi x 106 (100°F)
196 MPa (38°C)

Magnetic Permeability

1.005 Oersted (μ at 200H)

 

Thermal Conductivity

76.8 BTU/hr/ft2/ft-°F (78°F)
11.3 W/m-°K (26°C)

Melting Range

2500 – 2550°F
1370 – 1400°C

Electrical Resistivity

678 Ohm circ mil/ft (78°F)
1.13 μ cm (26°C)

Electrical Resistivity

7.8 x 10-6 in / in°F (200°F)
4 m / m°C (93°F)

Mechanical Properties

Typical Room Temperature Mechanical Properties, Mill Annealed

Yield Strength
0.2% Offset

Ultimate Tensile
Strength

Elongation
in 2 in.

Hardness

psi (min.)

(MPa)

psi (min.)

(MPa)

% (min.)

Rockwell B

49,000

338

96,000

662

45

135-165

 Alloy 825 has good mechanical properties from cryogenic to moderately high temperatures. Exposure to temperatures above 1000°F (540°C) can result in changes to the microstructure that will significantly lower ductility and impact strength. For that reason, Alloy 825 should not be utilized at temperatures where creep-rupture properties are design factors. The alloy can be strengthened substantially by cold work. Alloy 825 has good impact strength at room temperature, and retains it’s strength at cryogenic temperatures.

Table 6 - Charpy Keyhole Impact Strength of Plate

Temperature

Orientation

Impact Strength*

°F

°C

 

ft-lb

J

Room

Room

Longitudinal

79.0

107

Room

Room

Transverse

83.0

113

-110

-43

Longitudinal

78.0

106

-110

-43

Transverse

78.5

106

-320

-196

Longitudinal

67.0

91

-320

-196

Transverse

71.5

97

-423

-253

Longitudinal

68.0

92

-423

-253

Transverse

68.0

92

 

Corrosion Resistance

The most outstanding attribute of Alloy 825 is its excellent corrosion resistance. In both oxidizing and reducing environments, the alloy resists general corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion and chloride stress-corrosion cracking.

Resistance to Laboratory Sulfuric Acid Solutions

Alloy

Corrosion Rate in Boiling Laboratory Sulfuric Acid Solution Mils/Year (mm/a)

 

10%

40%

50%

316

636 (16.2)

>1000 (>25)

>1000 (>25)

825

20 (0.5)

11 (0.28)

20 (0.5)

625

20 (0.5)

Not Tested

17 (0.4)

Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance

The high nickel content of Alloy 825 provides superb resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking. However, in the extremely severe boiling magnesium chloride test, the alloy will crack after long exposure in a percentage of samples. Alloy 825 performs much better in less severe laboratory tests. The following table summarizes the alloy's performance.

Resistance to Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking

Alloy Tested as U-Bend Samples

Test Solution

Alloy 316

SSC-6MO

Alloy 825

Alloy 625

42% Magnesium Chloride (Boiling)

Fail

Mixed

Mixed

Resist

33% Lithium Chloride (Boiling)

Fail

Resist

Resist

Resist

26% Sodium Chloride (Boiling)

Fail

Resist

Resist

Resist

Mixed – A portion of the samples tested failed in the 2000 hours of test. This is an indication of a high level of resistance.

Pitting Resistance

The chromium and molybdenum content of Alloy 825 provides a high level of resistance to chloride pitting. For this reason the alloy can be utilized in high chloride environments such as seawater. It can be used primarily in applications where some pitting can be tolerated. It is superior to conventional stainless steels such as 316L, however, in seawater applications Alloy 825 does not provide the same levels of resistance as SSC-6MO (UNS N08367) or Alloy 625 (UNS N06625).
Crevice Corrosion Resistance

Resistance to Chloride Pitting and Crevice Corrosion

Alloy

Temperature of Onset at Crevice
Corrosion Attack* °F (°C)

316

27 (-2.5)

825

32 (0.0)

6MO

113 (45.0)

625

113 (45.0)

*ASTM Procedure G-48, 10% Ferric Chloride
Intergranular Corrosion Resistance

Alloy

Boiling 65% Nitric Acid ASTM
Procedure A 262 Practice C

Boiling 65% Nitric Acid ASTM
Procedure A 262 Practice B

316

34 (.85)

36 (.91)

316L

18 (.47)

26 (.66)

825

12 (.30)

1 (.03)

SSC-6MO

30 (.76)

19 (.48)

625

37 (.94)

Not Tested